UNDERSTANDING ART PAINTING
Painting is a work of art in the form of two- dimensional creation process elements point, line , shape, texture , color , darkness , and other aesthetic consideration . In ancient art works , objects selected mostly a form of human , flora , and fauna .
Traditional paintings found in the archipelago , including glass painting , painting on fabric , painting batik , wayang beber painting , and painting on leather puppets ( painting ) . In Sumbawa ,
traditional paintings of ancestors are engraved on tombstones , painting on poles , walls , and so on .
In other words Painting is a medium activity to process two-dimensional or three- dimensional surface of the object to get a certain impression . Painting medium can be anything , such as canvas , paper , board , and even in photographic films can be regarded as a painting medium . The tools used can also vary, with a particular condition can provide images to the media being used .
HISTORY OF ART PAINTING INDONESIA
The development of Indonesian art, especially painting is not widely known. That's because the paper is peeling journey art still few and limited to academic circles. However, lately a lot of artists that explore and write about art and art in Indonesia, especially about painting.
Broadly speaking, the development of Indonesian art include prehistoric art, art history-Hindu Indonesian, Indonesian-Islamic art, and the
art of Modern Indonesia.
1. Prehistoric Art Indonesia
In prehistoric times , art plays an important role because each painting has a meaning and a purpose. At the time of the painting is made on the walls of caves and coral .
One technique used by people to paint on the walls of the cave is a cave with a cave placed his hand on the wall , and then sprayed with chewed leaves or colored mineral stone . This spraying technique known as aerograph . Other media used to create the painting is clay . The dyes used are from natural ingredients such as mineral and animal fats . In general, the purpose and the theme chosen to make the paintings are magical .
Examples of works of art produced in prehistoric times can be seen in cave Leang Pattakere in Maros , South Sulawesi . The paintings depict hunting scenes . In addition , there are also paintings on cave walls on the south coast of Irian Jaya ( Papua ) . Contained in the paintings depict ancestors . It is to draw attention to the paintings spread over a vast area that is contained in the hand silhouette Manamana . There are also hand stamp in South Sulawesi , on rock paintings on a cliff in the bay Sulaiman Ceram , in Papua Berau bay , and on the island in the archipelago Arguni and Kei . In addition to the shadow hands motif , the motif is found in many places human figures , boat , sun , moon , birds , fish , turtles , humans , lizards , legs , and hog deer .
2.
Classical Hindu Indonesian Art
After prehistoric times ended , Indonesia has had a wide range of skills such as creating a large pyramid-shaped stone staircase , art metal castings , agriculture and crockery , sculpture , batik and developed with the addition of new elements at the time of the entry of Hindu influence . This era is a new chapter in the periodization of culture in Indonesia and can be regarded as historical times due to the relics of this age have been found in the form of writing . This happens because of the cultural contact with India around the 5th century AD
A common theme is used in a work of art of this period include the theme of religion , mythology , legends , and stories of history . Classic example Balinese paintings which contains the story of Ramayana and Mahabharata . The force used on temple walls sculptured style puppet Majapahit era is the composition of the solid horizontal plane and loaded with stylized . Designations style puppet show signs of the equation here in the stylized form of puppet characters and classic Balinese painting . Color painting is limited to the colors that can be achieved natural materials such as bark , leaves , dirt , and soot . Paintings made on cloth mounted on a frame without extending the range so that the result resembles a painting rolls . As well sculptured temple walls and palm images , functions of classical Balinese painting is a medium of education in accordance with the teachings of a religion or philosophy of life time of the Hindu .
Bali painting begins to take place when the East Javanese Hindu culture driven by Islamic culture . The existence of art that blend and become acculturated to the typical Hindu culture and is known by various countries until now . The development of Hindu - Balinese painting can be described in three parts , namely Kamasan painting , painting Pita Maha , and Young Artists painting .
3 .
Indonesian Islamic Art
As in the days of Hindu ,
Islamic art in Indonesia centered on the palace . An artist's duty is not merely creating a work of art , but he is also an expert in a variety of science and philosophy , as well as get to know other branches of art . In Islamic art , there is a taboo to depict motifs in the form of a realistic living creatures . The artists make efforts to compromise with the previous culture . In this case the tolerance of Islam support the continuity of the tradition of prior art , but with a new breath , like a decoration with stylized animal and human motifs combined with the Arabic alphabet , both in the application of aesthetic elements in the mosque , the cultivation of crafts , painting or calligraphy . As for making sculpture , made so diffuse that as if it 's just a picture of leaves or floral decoration .
Usually made as a
decoration paintings depicting the stories of the characters in the puppet or animal painting and moon Sangkala about history prophet . As for the shape of painting glass paintings disguised as coming from Cirebon .
4 .
Indonesian New Art
New Indonesian art that developed in Indonesia as well as the arts in general can not be fully understood without placing it within the overall framework of society and culture of Indonesia . The development of Indonesian art work is strongly influenced by the forces of history . Indonesian art emerging after a period of Islamic art . and painting in this period has developed very rapidly along with the development of Indonesian art in which characters such as Raden Saleh , Affandi , Basuki Abdullah and his friends that I have never posted before and you can read here .
Various Art is based on the goal of making
In creating a work of art , the artists have a wide variety of purposes and reasons of making the work. The goals selected by the artists , among others, the purpose of religious , magical , symbolic , aesthetic , commercial , and expression .
a.
Art for Religious Purpose
An artist who had a religious purpose to make a painting he made as shown devotion to God , ancestors , or the gods , either polytheism or monotheism . One form of paintings made with religious purpose are paintings on cave Leang - Leang in Maros , South Sulawesi .
b .
Art on Purpose Magical
An artist who has made a magical destination painting created to bring magic or witchcraft . This painting is primitive . However , too many modern painters who paint themes and motifs in order to create the impression of primitive magic . They adopts primitivism . Many artists who painted primitive themes and motifs are common in Bali .
c .
Art as Symbolic Destination
An artist who had a symbolic purpose conducting paint to symbolize the ideals of personal or group life . For example , the ideal form of happiness , peace , strength , and the will of the positive benefit to humans . Examples of paintings made with the purpose symbolic is Diponegoro heroic painting works Basuki Abdullah .
d .
Art for Aesthetic Purpose
An artist who has an aesthetic purpose would merely put paint with a sense of beauty only so that the painting can be enjoyed as an ornamental decoration . Examples of paintings that have aesthetic purposes is painting a landscape painting or community activities .
e .
Art for Commercial Purpose
An artist who has a commercial purpose will be painting with emphasis on the tastes of buyers . An example is the painter on the road .
f .
Art on Purpose Expression
A painter who paints with the goal expression will paint to express his own feelings , regardless of other elements . Here the artist is really totally devote all expressions and feelings into a painting . The techniques used are varied and usually has an artist 's distinctive technique .
